Title | Vitamin E deficiency during embryogenesis in zebrafish causes lasting metabolic and cognitive impairments despite refeeding adequate diets. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2017 |
Authors | McDougall, M, Choi, J, Truong, L, Tanguay, R, Traber, MG |
Journal | Free Radic Biol Med |
Volume | 110 |
Pagination | 250-260 |
Date Published | 2017 09 |
ISSN | 1873-4596 |
Keywords | Animals, Antioxidants, Avoidance Learning, Behavior, Animal, Cognitive Dysfunction, Diet, Disease Models, Animal, DNA Methylation, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Embryonic Development, Larva, Lipid Peroxidation, Locomotion, Metabolome, Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress, Vitamin E Deficiency, Zebrafish |
Abstract | Vitamin E (α-tocopherol; VitE) is a lipophilic antioxidant required for normal embryonic development in vertebrates, but the long-term effects of embryonic VitE deficiency, and whether they are ameliorated by feeding VitE-adequate diets, remain unknown. We addressed these questions using a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of developmental VitE deficiency followed by dietary remediation. Adult zebrafish maintained on VitE-deficient (E-) or sufficient (E+) diets were spawned to obtained E- and E+ embryos, respectively, which we evaluated up to 12 days post-fertilization (dpf). The E- group suffered significantly increased morbidity and mortality as well as altered DNA methylation status through 5 dpf when compared to E+ larvae, but upon feeding with a VitE-adequate diet from 5 to 12 dpf both the E- and E+ groups survived and grew normally; the DNA methylation profile also was similar between groups by 12 dpf. However, 12 dpf E- larvae still had behavioral defects. These observations coincided with sustained VitE deficiency in the E- vs. E+ larvae (p < 0.0001), despite adequate dietary supplementation. We also found in E- vs. E+ larvae continued docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) depletion (p < 0.0001) and significantly increased lipid peroxidation. Further, targeted metabolomics analyses revealed persistent dysregulation of the cellular antioxidant network, the CDP-choline pathway, and glucose metabolism. While anaerobic processes were increased, aerobic metabolism was decreased in the E- vs. E+ larvae, indicating mitochondrial damage. Taken together, these outcomes suggest embryonic VitE deficiency causes lasting behavioral impairments due to persistent lipid peroxidation and metabolic perturbations that are not resolved via later dietary VitE supplementation. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.06.012 |
Alternate Journal | Free Radic. Biol. Med. |
PubMed ID | 28645790 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC5548191 |
Grant List | P30 ES000210 / ES / NIEHS NIH HHS / United States S10 RR027878 / RR / NCRR NIH HHS / United States |